Based on Kroll’s ongoing examination, EventTranscript.db appears to serve as the local storage for the Windows Diagnostics and Telemetry subsystem whose contents can be displayed with the Diagnostic Data Viewer application within Windows 10. - Kroll https://web.archive.org/web/20211227201637/https://www.kroll.com/en/insights/publications/cyber/forensically-unpacking-eventtranscript/diving-deeper-into-eventtranscript
References
Forensically Unpacking EventTranscript.db: An Investigative Series - Kroll
EventTranscript.db Research - Andrew Rathbun